Ototoxicity

Ototoxicity is damage to the inner ear that results from exposure to chemicals or drugs that can impair the functionality of the organs of hearing and balance. Ototoxic agents can damage or destroy the hair cells in the inner ear and the vestibule-cochlear nerve linking the inner ear to the brain.

Certain antibiotics, diuretics, quinine derivatives, and other toxins may cause hearing loss or vestibular dysfunction that can produce a range of symptoms including hearing loss, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), vertigo or imbalance.

Diagnosis depends on the person’s history, symptoms and test results, as well as a positive history of ototoxin exposure. A hearing evaluation may be completed if there are concerns for decreased hearing sensitivity. Vestibular assessment may be ordered to evaluate the vestibular system. If dysfunction is present, physical therapy can be effective in improving overall stability.